4 - (IOP 11) Exploring the Psychological Impact of Primary Dysmenorrhea: Self-compassion and Social Support as Indicators for Therapeutic Interventions in the Context of Systemic Inequities in Poland

Primary dysmenorrhea (PD), or menstrual pain without visible pelvic abnormalities, affects over 50% of post-adolescent women and is associated with increased anxiety, depression, and decreased quality of life. Despite its prevalence, PD remains underexplored in the psychological and public health context, particularly regarding structural and societal determinants of mental health distress. In Poland, the stigmatisation of menstrual pain, inadequate medical support and lack of workplace or academic accommodations may contribute to enhanced levels of psychological distress among women affected by menstrual pain, particularly those from marginalised backgrounds with limited access to healthcare.
This study aims to examine the relationship between menstrual pain, stress, mental health, and quality of life while identifying protective factors such as self-compassion, coping strategies, and social support—variables extensively studied in chronic conditions like endometriosis but overlooked in the context of PD. By employing a qualitative methodology, the research seeks to provide an in-depth understanding of Polish women’s experiences, focusing on the impact of PD on professional and academic functioning, coping mechanisms, and systemic barriers to adequate care.
Additionally, this study explores the role of self-compassion in mitigating psychological distress associated with PD. Self-compassion has been shown to promote emotional resilience, reduce pain-related distress, and enhance overall well-being in individuals facing chronic pain conditions. By analyzing self-compassion as a potential protective factor, this research aims to highlight its role in fostering adaptive coping strategies and improving the psychological well-being of women with PD. Therefore, we aim to encourage professionals to enhance this disposition as part of the therapy process.
Furthermore, the study considers the broader implications of menstrual health inequities and how the medical neglect of menstrual pain reflects larger patterns of inequity in healthcare. By incorporating a public health perspective, we emphasize the need for identity-affirmative, evidence-based psychological interventions that address systemic disparities in menstrual health care.
The findings of this study have important implications for refining evidence-based, identity-affirmative psychological interventions and informing policies aimed at improving menstrual health equity. By incorporating a public health perspective, this research underscores the need for cognitive-behavioral interventions tailored to the unique psychological and structural challenges faced by women with PD in Poland. Addressing these barriers can inform the development of inclusive, evidence-based mental health strategies aimed at improving well-being and menstrual health equity.